Central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the brain.

Ewing sarcoma (YOO-ing sar-KOH-muh) A type of cancer that forms in bone or soft tissue. Also called peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor and pPNET

pituitary tumor (pih-TOO-ih-TAYR-ee TOO-mer) A tumor that forms in the pituitary gland. The pituitary is a pea-sized organ in the center of the brain above the back of the nose. It makes hormones that affect other glands and many body functions, especially growth. Most pituitary tumors are benign (not cancer).

Wilms tumor A disease in which malignant (cancer) cells are found in the kidney, and may spread to the lungs, liver, or nearby lymph nodes. Wilms tumor usually occurs in children younger than 5 years old.

Central nervous system embryonal tumors begin in embryonic (fetal) cells in the brain and spinal cord.

central nervous system tumor (SEN-trul NER-vus SIS-tem TOO-mer) A tumor of the central nervous system, including brain stem glioma, craniopharyngioma, medulloblastoma, and meningioma. Also called CNS tumor.

A childhood brain or spinal cord tumor is a disease in which abnormal cells form in the tissues of the brain or spinal cord. There are many types of childhood brain and spinal cord tumors. The tumors are formed by the abnormal growth of cells and may begin in different areas of the brain or spinal cord. Tumors may be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Together, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS).

thymoma A tumor of the thymus, an organ that is part of the lymphatic system and is located in the chest, behind the breastbone. thymic carcinoma (THY-mik KAR-sih-NOH-muh) A rare type of thymus gland cancer. It usually spreads, has a high risk of recurrence, and has a poor survival rate. Thymic carcinoma is divided into subtypes, depending on the types of cells in which the cancer began. Also called type C thymoma.

rhabdomyosarcoma (RAB-doh-MY-oh-sar-KOH-muh) Cancer that forms in the soft tissues in a type of muscle called striated muscle. Rhabdomyosarcoma can occur anywhere in the body.

retinoblastoma (REH-tih-noh-blas-TOH-muh) Cancer that forms in the tissues of the retina (the light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye). Retinoblastoma usually occurs in children younger than 5 years. It may be hereditary or nonhereditary (sporadic).

Kaposi sarcoma (kuh-POH-zee sar-KOH-muh) A type of cancer characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels that develop into skin lesions or occur internally.

Childhood soft tissue sarcoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in soft tissues of the body.

soft tissue sarcoma (…TIH-shoo sar-KOH-muh) A cancer that begins in the muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body.

osteosarcoma (OS-tee-oh-sar-KOH-muh) A cancer of the bone that usually affects the large bones of the arm or leg. It occurs most commonly in young people and affects more males than females. Also called osteogenic sarcoma.

uterine sarcoma (YOO-teh-rin sar-KOH-muh) A rare type of uterine cancer that forms in muscle or other tissues of the uterus (the small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis in which a fetus develops). It usually occurs after menopause. The two main types are leiomyosarcoma (cancer that begins in smooth muscle cells) and endometrial stromal sarcoma (cancer that begins in connective tissue cells).